Yes, but the deadline is extremely short. A request for review must ordinarily be filed within seven days of the date the Notice of Administrative Penalty was issued. The challenge is called an IRS review and is decided by a SafeRoads Alberta adjudicator; it is not a criminal trial.
Possible grounds depend on the circumstances and may concern the legal basis for the sanction, the reliability or operation of the screening instrument, compliance with testing procedures, whether the person was driving, or whether a refusal or failure to provide a sample was reasonably established. The police materials and any supporting evidence must be reviewed promptly.